Quotes on rear from two publications, Recovery of Jerusalem and Our Work in Palestine. PEF founded 1865 to study the Levant or Palestine for purposes of survey and military intelligence. Sir Charles Warren was an officer in the British Royal Engineers, one of the earliest European archaeologists in Holy Land and Temple Mount. Fun Fact: he had also been head of the London Metropolitan Police from 1886 to 1888 during the Jack the Ripper murders.